Lumbar osteochondrosis is a common disease.This is a consequence of the degenerative process in which the intervertebral disc suffers: tissue nutrition worsens, the disc is thinner, hardens and does not perform the shock absorption function.As a result, the distance between the vertebrae decreases and the spinal cord and the nerve endings are compressed, the dysfunction of pain and organs occurs.
The intervertebral disc is an anatomical disk formation that provides column mobility and elasticity.The album consists of a polypoose core surrounded by a fibrous ring.The pulpee nucleus absorbs and provides water quickly, which is important to maintain intra -discretion pressure.All degenerative-degenerative diseases of the spine, which include osteochondrosis, begin with gradual dehydration of the pulpae nucleus.
Causes of osteochondrosis lumbar
Lumbar osteochondrosis develops as a result of several reasons:
- Regular high load in the lower back.At risk, athletes and people who are forced to lift weights at work.
- A sedentary lifestyle.Without moderate physical activity, muscle corset weakens, blood circulation worsen and metabolic processes in the spine decrease.
- Overweight.The consequences of overweight - an increase in pressure in the spine spine, premature wear of intervertebral discs.
- Moster disorders.With a curved rear or excessive deflection in the lower back, the back muscles are weak or vice versa, tense.The load in the spine is distributed unevenly.
- Trauma and microtrauma column.They can cause sports, especially without proper preparation, incorrect weight survey, bruises, falls, etc.
When lifting weights, the following procedure should be observed:
- Squat, right;
- Bring the load as close as possible to the body;
- By raising first of all, you need to stretch your leg muscles (feet, hips);
- Then strain the press;
- Finally, the muscles of the hands begin to work.
- Age.Distric changes in the spine are part of the aging process, but now this diagnosis is increasingly made for 25 to 30 years and even adolescents.
- Heredity.Violations in the development of musculoskeletal structure and the weak structure of intervertebral discs can be genetically predetermined.
- Inflammatory diseases of the spine.Infections and diseases that cause inflammation of the joints of the spine, changes in its structure and shape can cause the development of osteochondrosis.
Other causes causing lumbar osteochondrosis:
- congenital violations or acquired in the structure of the skeleton;
- frequent hypothermia;
- High level of stress;
- inadequate nutrition;
- violation of the day regime;
- Pose uncomfortable for a long time;
- failure in the endocrine system;
- diseases of other organs;
- Bad ecology.
Lumbar osteochondrosis stages
Lumbar spine osteochondrosis develops gradually through four steps.
The 1st stage is the beginning of the degenerative process in the spine.Rare pain in the lower back, which manifests itself especially when lifting awesome weights or movements are characteristic.
In the second stage, the fibrous ring of the disc is destroyed and the vertebrae are gathered, the nerve endings of the spinal cord are compacted.Pain becomes hard, it occurs even with a common walk.
In the third stage, fibrous rings are finally destroyed, intervertebral hernias appear.Intensive pain is constantly felt, regardless of the load and nature of the movements.
In the fourth stage, the cartilage is stunted and the bone tissue of the vertebrae in the lower back grows, thus adapting to pain.The lumbar region loses flexibility, it is difficult for the patient to move, disability may occur.
Symptoms of Lumbar Osteochondrosis
Lumbar osteochondrosis develops slowly, in the early stages its symptoms are weakly expressed, rarely manifest and only after excessive or atypical load.Therefore, many do not attribute any importance to them.As a rule, the disease is diagnosed only in the second stage.
Symptoms are divided into the following types:
- Lumbalgia - painful pain in the lumbar region, which lasts constantly.It is improved by inclinations, shifts, physical activity and hypothermia.Relief rests on his back so that the patient is forced to be more at home.
- Lumbago - Intense and acute pain, as a "change".To protect themselves, the back muscles are reflexively compressed in a spasm, a person involuntarily carries a safe pose.With any movement, the pain intensifies, radiates to the pelvis organs, the area of the sacred and the abdomen.If these symptoms are observed, rest in the bed is recommended.
- Lombsiaciashialgia - Pain with the propagation in the buttocks, one or both legs.The sensitivity of the lower extremities is changing, both in the larger and smaller direction, depending on the spine from which the nerve was compressed.The lower the location of degenerative changes, the lower the symptoms will appear in the legs: muscle mobility and tendon reflexes will decrease, cold or heat sensations, burning, tingling and numbness.
Osteochondrosis is a chronic disease, passing periodically to an acute and subacute stage.Acute stage pain can last several weeks.
During the disease, symptoms may occur in the complex, the following syndromes occur:
- Rook syndrome.The nerve endings (roots) are squeezed by vertebrae, in an area associated with the affected nerve, the pain appears.The body tries to protect the nerve, the muscles of the times, changes posture (lean on the opposite and healthy side).
If the treatment does not begin to start treatment on time, after the irritation of the roots, its inflammation will follow, accompanied by edema, blood stagnation and even intoxication.The tone of the muscles is reduced, the patient can hardly move.If the spinal cord is compressed, paralysis occurs.
- Ischemic syndrome.These are symptoms associated with circulatory disorders.The squeezed arteries lead to pain, especially during the walk.The whole leg hurts from the buttock to the foot, the pelvic organs do not receive proper nutrition as a result - their function is interrupted.
- Vertebrate syndrome.Previous syndromes lead to the fact that the shape of the spine of the spine changes.Due to constant pain and weakened muscles, spinal distortions appear.
Treatment Methods
Lumbar osteochondrosis treatment should be performed comprehensively.The main treatment tasks:
- Removal of pain syndrome in the lumbosacro department;
- Removal of muscle tension;
- Elimination of the causes of root and ischemic syndromes;
- stimulation of the restorative forces of the body;
- Strengthening the motor apparatus at the bottom of the body.
Drug treatment
Drugs for the acute phase are designed to relieve the main symptoms: pain, inflammation, root tightening.For these purposes, non -inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxing, glycocorticoid and blockade are used.Drug treatment is usually used in combination with other procedures.
Massage
Professional massage is one of the best methods for treating spine diseases.It can be performed at both the clinic and at home.During massage, fabric nutrition is restored, muscle cramps and pain are maintained.The masseuse must have high qualifications, as improper actions can aggravate the patient's condition, especially during exacerbation.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapeutic procedures contribute to the elimination of pain, muscle relaxation, expansion of blood vessels.The most effective procedures: electrophoresis, amplipult, exposure to UV, phonophoresis, darsonalization, magnetotherapy, acupuncture, etc.Some devices can be purchased for use at home.
Medical Physical Education
Exercise therapy is mainly prescribed during the period of remission, with less frequency in the acute stage.The exercises are selected individually, taking into account the characteristics of the course of the disease.They are better performed at a medical institution under the supervision of an expert, but it is possible at home.
Traditional medicine
Popular remedies help relieve pain and improve blood circulation.Apply various decoctions, infusions, ointments, compresses.Of medicinal plants, lingonberries, birch, bardan, sage, banana and many others are used.There are hundreds of recipes, but you need to remember that only a doctor can give recommendations on how to treat lumbar osteochondrosis at home.
Surgical treatment
If other treatment methods have not had the result and condition of the patient is exacerbated, surgery of the surgeon will be required.During spine surgery, disc hernias are removed and vertebral plastic is done.
Do not try to choose medicines or exercises on your own, this can lead to unpredictable consequences.
Prevention of Lumbar Osteochondrosis
For the unpleasant symptoms of spine problems not appear for a lifetime, certain rules must be observed:
- Avoid a strong load at the rear, if there is so much need, use a corset;
- Gymnastics diary at home or at the gym, it takes an active lifestyle;
- Maintain proper posture;
- walk on foot every day;
- not being in position sitting for a long time;
- During the day, relax periodically lying on your back;
- Observe the daily routine;
- abandon smoking and alcohol;
- Eat properly, monitor the weight;
- Treat other backs on your back in time.
Products that allow us to strengthen bones and prevent the development of spinal pathologies:
- Sea fish.
- Olive, flaxseed oil.
- Natural dairy products.
- Gelatin (as part of the dishes, for example, in a jam or jam).
- Cartilage cartilage.
- Fresh fruits, vegetables.
- Green.
- Mineral water.
- Vitamin Complexes Special Minerals.
Lumbar osteochondrosis can seriously complicate life.Non reversible changes in the spine spine sooner or later will lead to a sense of pain and limiting mobility.In order not to lose the ability to move freely and work completely, it is important from an early age to get involved in rehabilitation and strengthening of the back.If the first symptoms of osteochondrosis appear, in no case a visit to a doctor.Only qualified and with time provided with assistance will it allow you to maintain the health of the column.